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Sunday 29 January 2017

What is capacitor, equations, units , working prinicple and different types with applications

What is Capacitor? Capacitor in parallel, Capacitor in Series, Working principle of capacitor, Ceramic capacitor applications, polarized capacitors, film capacitors, unit of capacitor, capacitor charge equations.
Known concepts of basic electrical engineering will help understand what it is and how one of the basic elements of electrical engineering, electronics and especially - capacitor. The arrangement of two conductors (pads) separated by a thin dielectric layer (i.e., non-conductive material) is called capacitor.

What is Electric Field, Electric Potential and Formulas and Definitions

The electric potential connection with electric field, their formulas, working principle and equations. Definition of Voltage and Electric Potential?
Defining electric field was necessary to explain the next interconnection with electrical potential. As for the potential of the electric field. Its value at a given point field strength E is determined by the work, they do force moving the unit positive charge from a given point of the infinitely distant point (outside the box). 

What is Definition of Electric Field, Permittivity and their Formulas.

Definition of Electric Field, Permittivity and their Formulas.
Before we define, electric filed we need explanation of several other important concepts. We will then electric charge. As already mentioned, the smallest carrier of electric charge is an electron. Since it is assumed that a negative charge is simple and intuitive definition of the loads of the bodies (particles) that is reduced to overflow or underflow of body electrons.

Friday 27 January 2017

What are Active, Passive Electronics Components and Methods to Measure Voltage, Current and Resistance

What are Active and Passive elements in a circuit and How to measure Voltage, Current and Resistance in any Electronics Circuit?

The electronic components

You have already learned what it is current, voltage, resistance and how this knowledge can be used during the experiments. Since this article concerns the basics of electronics, we will go now to classify the basic "building material" or electronic components.
Namely, the elements can be divided into two groups: active and passive.
The passive elements are capable of generating electric power or to change its parameters affected by other parameters of the circuit (voltage or current). Their only job is to its storage (coil, a capacitor) or simply "losing" (resistor).
Active Elements,  are those which generate electricity or are able to change their parameters, depending on the current applied to them and / or voltage. This group includes, first of all, the power source (battery), and transistors and integrated circuits
Contrary to appearances, this classification is not only artificial, theoretical creation, it has great practical importance. This allows the separation of the components involved in the processing of currents or voltages from those that accompany them.
Looking at this classification it can be stated that passive components, in particular resistors, which can only consume valuable energy, are unnecessary.

Measurements few words

Each electronics circuit should be able to properly measure the three basic values: voltage, current and resistance . At the beginning, the simplest operation, voltage measurement , which is measured always in parallel! For example, measure the voltage of 9 V battery.
Be sure to set your multi meter to measure DC voltage. Try to set the measuring ranges in such a way that they expect the next maximum value. Our systems will be safest when the meter set to the scope to measure 0-20 V for 9 v battery.


It should be noted that if the scope of the measurement of voltage (or current) is greater than the measuring range of multi-meter it may damage the multi-meter  (not applicable to resistance measurement).

Voltage measurement.
While the current measurement is performed in series . Remember that most multi-meters, during the current measurement requires a different wiring than the voltage measurement. Before the first test check the instructions!
Measuring the output current by applying an ammeter leads to a power source may end up damaging the machine or fire.

current measurement
In summary measurement of voltage and current, it is necessary to have in mind the following principle. Please note that the current measurement requires open-circuit in one place.

Methods for measuring voltage and current.
The measurement of the resistance , and - if the resistor (resistor) is in the system, disconnect at least one of his leg.

Measurement of resistance.
Touching fingers pin resistor with resistance measurements may introduce an error of unknown value. If necessary, better to keep it, at most, per foot.


Electronics, Voltage, Current, Power Definitions For Interview

What is Electronics, Voltage, Current, Power and Power Supplies in Electronics Circuits? Find Short Interview Questions and Answers.

What is Electronics?


Electronics is the filed of science which is based on small part of the world around us. Especially in the context of robotics, learning the basic principles, it is very important - after all electronics is in the works "bridge" between the program and the mechanics.
Electronics is based on physics, because the rules of the applicable are clear and - for now - indisputable. The first fundamental thing is to understand three basic concepts:
  1. voltage,
  2. current,
  3. resistance.

Voltage

Voltage is a measure of the force with which the electric charge carriers want to get close. This is an oversimplification, but the casting figure things out. The higher the voltage, the greater the force. If the voltage is zero, then this force is zero. Simple, right?
The voltage is always measured between two points.
The unit of voltage is the volt , symbol V . The voltage can be: fixed so called DC, Direct Current or variable, So called AC, Alternating Current . Robotics operate primarily on fixed voltages, because all kinds of batteries produce only such fixed voltages. The second type - AC voltage - is a more complex nature At the moment, For DC suffice it to say that the voltage does not change with time, and variable - yes.

What is Current?

If between two points there is a voltage level, that after giving means of media flow from one point to another, that begins to flow electrical charges . The rate of change of these electrical charges is called current. If Current is high, the more the electrical charges will flow through the media with respect to time, that is, simply put, is a measure of the rate of flow of electrical charges.
Current - contrary to the Voltage - Always measures in series.
The unit of current is the ampere , symbol A . The current can be - like the Voltage - fixed DC Current or variable  Current AC.

What is Resistance?

Resistance is the measure of difficulty in flow of electrical current.
The unit of resistance is the ohm, symbol Ω (uppercase omega), sometimes the Internet instead used ohm , ohm or R . 

Power supply - rules

To built the electronic system and to make it work, you need to connect it to a source of electricity , or voltage source. Importantly, the voltage level that has at its terminals source (eg. Battery) should be in the range acceptable by the powered system. 
The connection to the voltage higher than recommended may result in irreversible destruction. If the voltage is too low, the system will probably work incorrectly or not at all.
Furthermore, when connected to the voltage source, it will receive a current. Its value should be known (even roughly) before connecting. You can use intuition here: attempt to power the large engine with a small battery will not be successful, such tasks are carried through large batteries (eg. Car). Hence an important fact:
Current efficiency power supply (electricity, which it can "give") should be greater than the current that will fetch by the system.
Do not worry if the source can give current many times greater than the necessary arrangement of circuit- if the voltage is appropriate, it will download current only as much as it needs.

What power?

Beginners are recommended to power their devices primarily from a variety of batteries. They have at their terminals very low voltages that are safe to work with, and therefore the risk of shock is minimized . Writing about paralysis may seem exaggerated, but really can not be underestimated. An electric current is an enormous force, to deal with it you should have a lot of safety knowledge and experience, otherwise you might end up in a real tragic.
Batteries are another feature that is desirable here: their current capacity is not large, because the erroneous fault does not necessarily threaten of any disaster. In addition, they quickly run out while reducing the current.


Resistance (or: resistance)

On the basis of the previous paragraphs, you can draw the following conclusion: if the media want to jump from one point to another ( voltage ), and enable them to cause them to flow, what essentially would limit their speed ( current )? Here comes into play a third fundamental factor, namelyresistance , also called resistance .