What is Electronics, Voltage, Current, Power and Power Supplies in Electronics Circuits? Find Short Interview Questions and Answers.
What is Electronics?
Electronics is the filed of science which is based on small part of the world around us. Especially in the context of robotics, learning the basic principles, it is very important - after all electronics is in the works "bridge" between the program and the mechanics.
Electronics is based on physics, because the rules of the applicable are clear and - for now - indisputable. The first fundamental thing is to understand three basic concepts:
- voltage,
- current,
- resistance.
Voltage
Voltage is a measure of the force with which the electric charge carriers want to get close. This is an oversimplification, but the casting figure things out. The higher the voltage, the greater the force. If the voltage is zero, then this force is zero. Simple, right?
The voltage is always measured between two points.
The unit of voltage is the volt , symbol V . The voltage can be: fixed so called DC, Direct Current or variable, So called AC, Alternating Current . Robotics operate primarily on fixed voltages, because all kinds of batteries produce only such fixed voltages. The second type - AC voltage - is a more complex nature. At the moment, For DC suffice it to say that the voltage does not change with time, and variable - yes.
What is Current?
If between two points there is a voltage level, that after giving means of media flow from one point to another, that begins to flow electrical charges . The rate of change of these electrical charges is called current. If Current is high, the more the electrical charges will flow through the media with respect to time, that is, simply put, is a measure of the rate of flow of electrical charges.
Current - contrary to the Voltage - Always measures in series.
The unit of current is the ampere , symbol A . The current can be - like the Voltage - fixed DC Current or variable Current AC.
What is Resistance?
Resistance is the measure of difficulty in flow of electrical current.
The unit of resistance is the ohm, symbol Ω (uppercase omega), sometimes the Internet instead used ohm , ohm or R .
Power supply - rules
To built the electronic system and to make it work, you need to connect it to a source of electricity , or voltage source. Importantly, the voltage level that has at its terminals source (eg. Battery) should be in the range acceptable by the powered system.
The connection to the voltage higher than recommended may result in irreversible destruction. If the voltage is too low, the system will probably work incorrectly or not at all.
Furthermore, when connected to the voltage source, it will receive a current. Its value should be known (even roughly) before connecting. You can use intuition here: attempt to power the large engine with a small battery will not be successful, such tasks are carried through large batteries (eg. Car). Hence an important fact:
Current efficiency power supply (electricity, which it can "give") should be greater than the current that will fetch by the system.
Do not worry if the source can give current many times greater than the necessary arrangement of circuit- if the voltage is appropriate, it will download current only as much as it needs.
What power?
Beginners are recommended to power their devices primarily from a variety of batteries. They have at their terminals very low voltages that are safe to work with, and therefore the risk of shock is minimized . Writing about paralysis may seem exaggerated, but really can not be underestimated. An electric current is an enormous force, to deal with it you should have a lot of safety knowledge and experience, otherwise you might end up in a real tragic.
Batteries are another feature that is desirable here: their current capacity is not large, because the erroneous fault does not necessarily threaten of any disaster. In addition, they quickly run out while reducing the current.
